Andrew B. Hall
Davies Family Professor of Political Economy
Graduate School of Business, Stanford University
Senior Fellow, Hoover Institution
I write a weekly newsletter called Free Systems: Experiments to Preserve Liberty in an Algorithmic World.
I run the Free Systems research lab, which is housed across the Hoover Institution and Stanford GSB. We focus on understanding how to preserve human liberty in an increasingly algorithmic world. We build in public, running governance experiments, stress-testing frontier AI models, and prototyping tools to help ordinary people keep a real say in how AI and online platforms are governed.
For years I have used large-scale data and econometric and machine-learning methods to study how we organize collective decision-making and design democratic systems of governance, for both the online and physical worlds. That work has increasingly turned to artificial intelligence: how AI systems shape political information and behavior, how they can be governed, and how AI itself can be used to design and test better systems of governance.
I am a research advisor to the a16z crypto research team, where I study decentralized governance and help online platforms to design their governance systems. I am also an advisor to Forum AI. Previously, I spent 8 years as an advisor at Meta Platforms, working on a wide range of governance and strategic issues in Global Affairs and, later, in the Wearables Business Group.
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Active Working Papers
- Why Do AI Models Tell Left-Wing Voters to Support the Communist Party? AI Voting Advice in Japan’s 2026 General Election. With Sho Miyazaki.
- Do Claude Code and Codex P-Hack? Sycophancy and Statistical Analysis in Large Language Models. With Sam Asher, Janet Malzahn, Jessica M. Persano, Elliot J. Paschal, and Andrew C. W. Myers.
- How Accurately Did Claude Code Replicate and Extent a Published Political Science Paper? With Graham Straus.
- Investing in Political Expertise: The Remarkable Scale of Corporate Policy Teams. With Anna Sun.
- Do Incumbents Still Enjoy a Financial Advantage? How Individuals Ceased to Advantage Incumbents While Corporate America Continues to Favor Them. With Andrew C.W. Myers, Maria Silfa, and Alexander Fouirnaies.
- Measuring Perceived Slant in Large Language Models Through User Evaluations. With Sean Westwood and Justin Grimmer.
- What Happens When Anyone Can Be Your Representative? Studying the Use of Liquid Democracy for High-Stakes Decisions in Online Platforms. With Sho Miyazaki.
- What Kinds of Incentives Encourage Participation in Democracy? Evidence from a Massive Online Governance Experiment. With Eliza Oak.
- Polarization and State Legislative Elections. Forthcoming, American Journal of Political Science. With Cassandra Handan-Nader and Andrew C.W. Myers.
- Are Dead People Voting by Mail? Evidence from Washington State Administrative Data. Forthcoming, Election Law Journal. With Jennifer Wu, Chenoa Yorgason, Hanna Folsz, Cassandra Handan-Nader, Andrew C.W. Myers, Tobias Nowacki, Daniel M. Thompson, and Jesse Yoder.
- Election-Denying Republican Candidates Underperformed in the 2022 Midterms. Forthcoming, American Political Science Review. With Janet Malzahn.
- Who Runs for Congress? A Study of State Legislators and Congressional Polarization. 2024. Quarterly Journal of Political Science. With Connor Phillips and Jim Snyder.
- Decomposing the Source of the Gender Gap in Legislative Committee Service: Evidence from U.S. States. 2023. Political Science Research & Methods. With Julia Payson and Alexander Fouirnaies. [Replication materials]
- How Do Electoral Incentives Affect Legislator Behavior? 2022. American Political Science Review. With Alexander Fouirnaies. [Replication materials]
- Does Homeownership Influence Political Behavior? Evidence from Administrative Data. 2022. Journal of Politics. With Jesse Yoder. [Replication materials]
- How Did Absentee Voting Affect the 2020 U.S. Election? 2021. Science Advances. With Jesse Yoder, Cassandra Handan-Nader, Andrew Myers, Tobias Nowacki, Daniel M. Thompson, Jennifer A. Wu, and Chenoa Yorgason. [Replication materials]
- Economic Distress and Voting: Evidence from the Subprime Mortgage Crisis. 2021. Political Science Research & Methods. With Jesse Yoder and Nishant Karandikar. [Replication materials]
- Universal Vote-by-Mail Has No Impact on Partisan Turnout or Vote Share. 2020. Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences. With Daniel M. Thompson, Jennifer A. Wu, and Jesse Yoder. [Replication materials]
- How Divisive Primaries Hurt Parties: Evidence From Near-Runoffs. 2020. Journal of Politics. With Alexander Fouirnaies.
- Wealth, Slave Ownership, and Fighting for the Confederacy: An Empirical Study of the American Civil War. 2019. American Political Science Review. With Connor Huff and Shiro Kuriwaki. [Replication materials]
- How Newspapers Reveal Political Power. 2019. Political Science Research and Methods. With Pamela Ban, Alexander Fouirnaies, and James M. Snyder, Jr. [Replication materials]
- Who Punishes Extremist Nominees? Candidate Ideology and Turning Out the Base in U.S. Elections. 2018. American Political Science Review With Daniel M. Thompson. [Replication materials] [Please see this 2025 note documenting a key problem in this study.]
- Do Shark Attacks Influence Presidential Elections? Reassessing a Prominent Finding on Voter Competence. 2018. Journal of Politics With Anthony Fowler. [Replication materials] [Response to Achen and Bartels].
- How Do Interest Groups Seek Access to Committees? 2018. American Journal of Political Science. With Alexander Fouirnaies. [Replication materials]
- The Majority-Party Disadvantage: Revising Theories of Legislative Organization. 2017. Quarterly Journal of Political Science With James J. Feigenbaum and Alexander Fouirnaies.
- Long-Term Consequences of Election Results. 2017. British Journal of Political Science 47(2): 351-372. With Anthony Fowler. [Replication materials]
- Systemic Effects of Campaign Spending: Evidence From Corporate Campaign Contribution Bans in State Legislatures. 2016. Political Science Research and Methods. [Replication materials]
- The Elusive Quest for Convergence. 2016. Quarterly Journal of Political Science With Anthony Fowler. [Replication materials]
- Information and Wasted Votes: A Study of U.S. Primary Elections. 2015. Quarterly Journal of Political Science With James M. Snyder, Jr.
- Congressional Seniority and Pork: A Pig Fat Myth? 2015. European Journal of Political Economy With Anthony Fowler. [Replication materials]
- How Legislators Respond to Localized Economic Shocks: Evidence from Chinese Import Competition. 2015. Journal of Politics. With James J. Feigenbaum. [Replication materials]
- How Much of the Incumbency Advantage is Due to Scare-off? 2015. Political Science Research and Methods With James M. Snyder, Jr. [Replication materials]
- Assessing the External Validity of Election RD Estimates: An Investigation of the Incumbency Advantage. 2015. Journal of Politics. With Jens Hainmueller and James M. Snyder, Jr. [Replication materials]
- What Happens When Extremists Win Primaries? 2015. American Political Science Review. [Replication materials]
- On the Validity of the Regression Discontinuity Design for Estimating Electoral Effects: Evidence From Over 40,000 Close Races. 2015. American Journal of Political Science. With Andrew C. Eggers, Anthony Fowler, Jens Hainmueller, and James M. Snyder, Jr. [Replication materials]
- Disentangling the Personal and Partisan Incumbency Advantages: Evidence from Close Elections and Term Limits. 2014. Quarterly Journal of Political Science. With Anthony Fowler. [Replication materials]
- Partisan Effects of Legislative Term Limits. 2014. Legislative Studies Quarterly.
- The Financial Incumbency Advantage: Causes and Consequences. 2014. Journal of Politics With Alexander Fouirnaies.
- The Changing Value of Seniority in the U.S. House: Conditional Party Government Revised. 2014. Journal of Politics With Kenneth A. Shepsle.
- Who Becomes a Member of Congress? Evidence from De-Anonymized Census Data. With Daniel M. Thompson, James J. Feigenbaum, and Jesse Yoder.
Academic Publications
Dormant Working Papers
Writing on Tech and Product Governance
- The web3 Governance Lab. a16z crypto.
- Preparing for Generative AI in the 2024 Election: Recommendations and Best Practices Based on Academic Research. Stanford GSB and UChicago Harris School White Paper.
- Toppling the Internet's Accidental Monarchies: How to Design web3 Platform Governance. a16z crypto.
- Lightspeed Democracy: What web3 Organizations Can Learn from the History of Governance. a16z crypto.
- Platforms Need to Work with Their Users -- Not Against Them. With Ethan Bueno De Mesquita. Harvard Business Review.
- What the History of Democracy Can Teach Us About Blockchain Governance. The Defiant.
Book
- Who Wants to Run? How the Devaluing of Political Office Drives Polarization. University of Chicago Press.
Current Students
Graduated Students
- Andy Myers, Assistant Professor, MIT Political Science
- Julia Payson, Assistant Professor, NYU Politics
- Shea Streeter, Assistant Professor, UMich Polisci
- Dan Thompson, Assistant Professor, UCLA Political Science
- Jesse Yoder, Research Scientist, Meta Platforms
- Fang Guo, ML Engineer, Instacart
- Tobias Nowacki, Senior Data Scientist, Netflix
- Cassandra Handan-Nader, Assistant Professor, NYU
- Carl Gustafson, Data Scientist, Shipt
- Chenoa Yorgason, Assistant Professor, TAMU